The periodic table.
here I am going to tell about every type of element and about how the periodic table of elements works if you dont understand. The periodic table is a list of all of the elements in order of there atomic number. A atomic number is the number of neutrons and protons orbiting an atoms nucleus. Every thing is orgonized by there state of matter like solid, liquid, gas, and unknown. They are also orgonized by what they are like metals, nonmetals, or neither. Those are orgonized even further. In the metals group there is Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, Inner transition metals, Lanthanides, Actinides, Transition metals, and Post transition metals. In the nometals group theres other nonmetals, Halogens, and nobal gases. In the neither group theres Metalloids and unknown chemical properties. I am going to write down for you every element in the periodic table but instead of saying the type of metal or nonmetal or form of matter I will just use signs, (metals and nometals will come first.) Alkali metals: A, Alkaline earth metals: E, Inner transition metals: I, Lanthanides: L, Actinides: P, Transition metals: T, Post transition metals: PT, Other nometals: O, Halogens: H, nobal gases: N, Metalloids: M, Unknown chemical properties: U, Solid: S, Liquid: LI, Gas: G, Unknown: UN. Hydrogen O G, Helium N G, Lithium A S, Berillium E S, Baron M S, Carbon O S, Nitrogen O G, Oxygen O G, Flourine H G, Neon N G, Sodium A S, Magneseum E S, Aluminium PT S, Silicon M S, Phosphorus O S, Sulfur O S, Chlorine H G, Argon N G, Potassium A S, Calcium E S, Scandium T S, Titanium T S, Vandium T S, Chormium T S, Manganese T S, Iron T S, Cobalt T S, Nikel T S, Copper T S, Zinc T S, Gallium PT S, Germanium M S, Arsenic M S, Selenium O S, Bromine H L, Krypton N G, Rubidium A S, Strontium E S, Yttrium T S, Zirconium T S, Niobium T S, Molybdenium T S, Technetium T S, Ruthenium T S, Rhodium T S, Palladium T S, Silver T S , Cadmium T S, Indium PT S, Tin PT S, Antimony M S, Tellurium M S, Iodine H S, Xenon N G, Caesium A S, Barium E S, Lanthanum L S, Cerium L S, Praseodymium L S, Neodymium L S, Promethium L S, Samarium L S, Europium L S, Gadolinium L S, Terbium L S, Dysprosium L S, Holmium L S, Erbium L S, Thulium L S, Ytterbium L S, Lutetium L S, Hafnium T S, Tantalum T S, Tungsten T S, Rhenium T S, Osmium T S, Iridium T S, Platinum T S, Gold T S, Mercury T L, Thallium PT S, Lead PT S, Bismuth PT S, Polonium M S, Astitine H S, Radon N G, Francium A S, Radium E S, Actinium P S, Thorium P S, Protactinium P S, Uranium P S, Neptunium P S, Plutonium P S, Americium P S, Curium P S, Berkelium P S, Californium P S, Einsteinium P S, Fermium P S, Mandelevium P S, Nobelium P S, Lawrencium P S, Rutherfordium T UN, Dubnium T UN, Seaborgium T UN, Bohrium T UN, Hassium T UN, Meiturium U UN, Darmstadtium U UN, Roentgenium U UN, Copernicium E UN, Ununtrium U UN, Ununquadium U UN, Ununpentium U UN, Ununhexium U UN, Ununseptium U UN, Ununoctium U UN. All together there are exactly 118 elements in the periodic table of elements.
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table which means that it has a atomic number of 1. It is the lightest and most abundent element known to our uiniverse. It has an estimated weight of 1.00794 u. ( 1.007 825 u for Hydrogen-1) It consists of roughly 75% of the universes elemental mass. Stars in the main sequence are mainly composed of Hydrogen in its plasma state. Naturally occuring Hydrogen is reletively rare on earth. The most common isotope of Hydrogen is protium, ( name rarely used, symbol 1H.) with a single proton and no neutrons. In ionic compounds it can take negative charge or as a positively charged species H+. It is a colorless gas and has the melting point of 434.17deggress ferrenheight. Heat of fusion: 0.117 deggress ferrenheight. Heat of vapoation: 0.904 deggress ferrenheight. Density: 0.08988 G/L. Hydrogen forms compounds with the most elements and is present in water and most organic compounds. It plays an important role in acidbase chemistery with many reactions exchanging protons between soluble molocules. As the simplest atom known, the Hydrogen atom has been of theraretical use. For example, as the only neutral atom with an analytic solution for the Scrodinger equation, the study of the energetics and bonding of the Hydrogen atom played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics. Hydrogen gas, ( now known as H2) was artificially produced in the early 16th century, via the mixing of metals with strong acids. In 1766-81, Henery Cavendish was the first to reconize that Hydrogen was a discrete substance, and that it produces water when burned, a property which later gave it its name, which in Greek means "water former." At standered tempuature and pressure, Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, non toxic, highly combustiable diatomic gas with the molecular formula H2.
Hydrogen gas, (dihydrogen or molecular Hydrogen) is highly flammable and will burn air at a very wide range of concentrations between 4% and 75% by volume. Hydrogen gas forms explosive mixtures with air if it 4-74% concentrated with chlorine if it is 5-95% concentrated. The mixtures spontaneosly explode by heat, spark, or by sunlight. the Hydrogen autoignition temperature, the tempuature of spontaneous ignition in air is 932 deggres ferrenheight. Pure Hydrogen-Oxogen emit ultraviolet light and are nearly invisible so see with the naked eye.
The ground state energy level of the electron in a Hydrogen atom is-13.6 eV. Which is equivelent to an ultraviolet photon of roughly 92 nm wavelength. The energy levels in a Hydrogen atom can be calculated fairly accurately using a Bohr model of the atom.
Hydrogen gas, (dihydrogen or molecular Hydrogen) is highly flammable and will burn air at a very wide range of concentrations between 4% and 75% by volume. Hydrogen gas forms explosive mixtures with air if it 4-74% concentrated with chlorine if it is 5-95% concentrated. The mixtures spontaneosly explode by heat, spark, or by sunlight. the Hydrogen autoignition temperature, the tempuature of spontaneous ignition in air is 932 deggres ferrenheight. Pure Hydrogen-Oxogen emit ultraviolet light and are nearly invisible so see with the naked eye.
The ground state energy level of the electron in a Hydrogen atom is-13.6 eV. Which is equivelent to an ultraviolet photon of roughly 92 nm wavelength. The energy levels in a Hydrogen atom can be calculated fairly accurately using a Bohr model of the atom.
Helium
Helium is the chemical with a atomic number 2. It has an atomic weight of 4.002602. It is represented by the
symbol He. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, nontoxic, inert, monatomic gas that is the head in the noble gas group in the periodic table of elements. Its boiling and melting point are the lowest of all of the elements. And for people who are knew to physics it is the stuff inside of a baloon that makes you voice high pitched.
Melting point: -457.96 degress ferenhight. Boiling point: -452.07 degress ferenhight. Helium is the second lightest element and the second most abundent element in the obsevable universe, being present at about 24% of the total elemental mass, which is more than 12 times the mass of all of the heavier elements combined. Its abundence is similar to the figure in our own sun and Jupiter. This is due to the very high binding energy(per nucleon) of Helium-4 with respect of the next tree elements after Helium. This Helium-4 binding energy also accounts for its commonilatily as a product in both nuclear fusion and radioactive decay. Most Helium is Helium-4, and it is belived to have been formed during the big bang. Some new Helium is being created currently as a result of nuclear fusion of Hydrogen inside of stars. Helium is named after the greek god of the sun, Helios. It was deteccted as an unknown yellow spetrical line signiture in the sunlight during a solar eqlipse in 1868.
symbol He. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, nontoxic, inert, monatomic gas that is the head in the noble gas group in the periodic table of elements. Its boiling and melting point are the lowest of all of the elements. And for people who are knew to physics it is the stuff inside of a baloon that makes you voice high pitched.
Melting point: -457.96 degress ferenhight. Boiling point: -452.07 degress ferenhight. Helium is the second lightest element and the second most abundent element in the obsevable universe, being present at about 24% of the total elemental mass, which is more than 12 times the mass of all of the heavier elements combined. Its abundence is similar to the figure in our own sun and Jupiter. This is due to the very high binding energy(per nucleon) of Helium-4 with respect of the next tree elements after Helium. This Helium-4 binding energy also accounts for its commonilatily as a product in both nuclear fusion and radioactive decay. Most Helium is Helium-4, and it is belived to have been formed during the big bang. Some new Helium is being created currently as a result of nuclear fusion of Hydrogen inside of stars. Helium is named after the greek god of the sun, Helios. It was deteccted as an unknown yellow spetrical line signiture in the sunlight during a solar eqlipse in 1868.